A vocational school (or trade school or career school), providing vocational education, is a school in which students are taught the skills needed to perform a particular job. Traditionally, vocational schools have not existed to further education in the sense of liberal arts, but rather to teach only job-specific skills, and as such have been better considered to be institutions devoted to training, not education. That purely vocational focus began changing in the 1990s "toward a broader preparation that develops the academic" and technical skills of students, as well as the vocational.In United States of America
In the USA, vocational schools are usually considered post-secondary schools, but in some instances may take the place of the final years of high school. Nevertheless vocational schools are only two years of schooling. They may be public schools and as such are operated by a government, school district or other officially-sanctioned group, in which case they may or may not charge tuition. Most purely vocational schools are private schools; within this group they may be further subdivided into non-profit schools and proprietary schools, operated for the economic benefit of their owners. For a long time many proprietary vocational schools had a poor reputation for quality in many instances, and for over promising what the job prospects for their graduates would actually be; this has been largely corrected by more stringent regulation. The term career college is reserved for post-secondary for-profit institutions. Vocational schools have decreased severely in the United States by the replacement of offering alternative trade classes at specific schools.
Community colleges, in addition to offering the associates degree and core courses for transfer to four-year institutions, also offer vocational classes depending on the needs of the local community.
There is however an issue with vocational or "career" schools who have national accreditation instead of regional accreditation. Regionally accredited schools are predominantly academically oriented, non-profit institutions. Nationally accredited schools are predominantly for-profit and offer vocational, career or technical programs. Every college has the right to set standards and refuse to accept transfer credits. However, if a student has gone to a nationally accredited school it may be particularly difficult to transfer credits (or even credit for a degree earned) if he or she then applies to a regionally accredited college. Some regionally accredited colleges have general policies against accepting any credits from nationally accredited schools, others are reluctant to because regional schools feel that national schools academic standards are lower than their own or they are unfamiliar with the particular school. The student who is planning to transfer to a regionally accredited school after studying at a nationally accredited one should ensure that they will be able to transfer the credits before attending the nationally accredited school. There have been lawsuits regarding nationally accredited schools who led prospective students to believe that they would have no problem transferring their credits to regionally accredited schools, most notably Florida Metropolitan University and Crown College, Tacoma, Washington. The U.S. Department of Education has stated, however, that its criteria for recognition of accreditors "do not differentiate between types of accrediting agencies, so the recognition granted to all types of accrediting agencies — regional, institutional, specialized, and programmatic — is identical." However the same letter states that "the specific scope of recognition varies according to the type of agency recognized."
The Association for Career and Technical Education (ACTE) is the largest American national education association dedicated to the advancement of career and technical education or vocational education that prepares youth and adults for careers.
Many vocational schools have gone on to become some of the most prestigious universities in the world. The California Institute of Technology is one example.
In the United States, many trade schools trick students into signing up by overstating both their student job placement rate, and the starting salaries of those students who do get jobs. As a result, many graduates are disappointed to find out that they still don't have a job, or that they get a job, but it pays much less than what they had been told by the school.
In Asia
Vocational School In Indonesia, called SMK. Vocational school (SMK) is one form of formal education unit that organizes vocational education at secondary education level as a continuation of the SMP, MTS, or other forms of equal or advanced learning outcomes are recognized as equal / equivalent to junior high school. SMK is often referred to as STM (Technical High School). In SMK, there are lots of Expertise Programme.
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Technical Program
Technical specialty courses at vocational schools is a program that focuses on the application of science and technology to solve human problems. This was solved through knowledge, mathematics and practical experience applied to the design of useful objects or processes. Practitioners professional technique called engineer (engineering degree).
Historically, many experts who believe in the ability of human engineering is embedded in a natural. It is characterized by the ability of early humans to make tools from stone tools. In other words, the technique was originally constituted by trial and error to create tools to facilitate human life. Over time, science began to flourish, and begin changing the way humans view of how nature works. The development of this science was the one who later changed the way engineering work until like this sekrang. People no longer so mengandalakan trial and error in creating or designing equipment, but rather as a basic priority of science in design.
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Non Technical Program
Non Technical Progam on SMK focuses on the application of Social Science and Languages.
Important Notes
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Be Realistic About What to Expect
Vocational, trade, career, technical--Whatever you call the school, the objective of the curriculum is the same; to teach students a marketable trade not usually offered in traditional colleges and universities.
Vocational schools sometimes get a bad rap as not providing a "real" education. Vocational schools are geared towards students and career changers looking to acquire useful job skills. Vocational schools are not designed for the scholarly student interested in a career as a Classical Literature professor at an Ivy League university some day.
Vocational schools serve a number of very important sectors of the population.
High school grads that are not pursuing a traditional 4-year university degree, either due to interest of finances, but who want a career that requires knowledge and training.
Those in need of additional training to advance in their careers
Adults who are re-entering the workforce after some time and now need training in order to be competitive in the job market.
What Vocational School Is Not
Vocational school is not a training ground for someone trying to pursue a high level career in Business or Science. While most vocational schools are great at giving its students the best tools to make them competitive, the reality is that employers do consider what school you went to when you apply for certain jobs. If your dream is to be a Wall Street banker, then a business degree from schools like Harvard or Yale is what you'll need to get you in the door. If you're more interested in a good stable career such as a Pharmacy Technician, Computer Help Desk Specialist, Cosmetologist, Auto Mechanic or Electrician, then a vocational school is a much better option than a 4-year university.
Questions You Need Answers To Before Enrolling In A Vocational Program:
1. Is the school accredited?
Accreditation means that the school's curriculum has met high standards for education quality. The Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges(ACCSC) is the most prestigious of such accrediting agencies, but they are not the only one. Some smaller regional schools may be accredited by a local agency, but that does not mean that the quality of education is not as good as larger schools that have been accredited by ACCSC. The important thing is that the school has allowed itself to be examined by an outside agency with regard to the quality of its programs.
2. What Is the Graduation Rate for Those Entering the Training Programs?
If this number is high, say 70% or more, this is a good sign that students find value in what they are learning, and that the school takes good care of its students. You do have to allow for some students dropping out due to personal or financial reasons that have nothing to do with the school at all, but a high dropout rate is reason for pause.
3. Does the School Offer Federal Financial Aid?
In addition to this being a means to help pay for your training, a school that receives federal funding has to be reviewed and approved by the federal government. Being eligible to offer federal financial aid is a good indication that the school is on the up and up.
4. Does The School Offer Job Placement Assistance Upon Program Completion?
Most vocational schools do offer placement assistance, especially those that receive federal financial aid. This is because one of the standards the school has to meet in order to qualify for aid is proof that a certain percentage of its students find gainful employment upon graduation.
5. What Percentage of Graduates Find Jobs in Their Field and What Is The Average Salary?
The numbers may be lower than normal during a significant downturn in the economy, but the school should be able to give you historic data so that you can get an idea of what to expect during economic prosperity.
Vocational school is a great alternative to traditional colleges in that they prepare you for an actual job. You just have to be smart about the type of program you pursue. Again, vocational schools may offer a wide range of programs, but only some make sense to pursue in that setting. Programs in Healthcare, Culinary Arts, Cosmetology and Massage Therapy are great choices. Business programs in Office Management or Bookkeeping are good, but programs in Finance are probably not the way to go.
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